Solution for Traffic Congestion at Court Jn, Alappuzha District

INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND
Our nation being primarily an agricultural country. 90% of population is
depending upon it and 10% of population depending upon industrial activities. For
conveying the product materials such as food grains, industrial goods the roads are
essential. The roads and bridges are very important for growth of economy of the
country. Now our country is being developed by developing roads and bridges. The loss
of fuel for combustion and the associated cost resulting from waiting for the signal to
change are also estimated, and these are found to be significant. When it rains, it’s not
just the roads that are water logged all other streets also get full with water so it’s easy to
travel by flyover to get ease of rain water.

1.2 STUDY AREA
Alappuzha also known as Alleppey is the administrative headquarter of
Alappuzha District of Kerala state of southern India. Alappuzha is a city and a
municipality in Kerala with an urban population of 1,74,164 and third among the district
having highest literacy rate in Kerala .the city is situated at a distance 28km from
Changanassery, 46km from Kottayam and 53 from Kochi and 155km north of
Trivandrum. A town with picture sque canals, backwaters, beaches and lagoons, It was
described as one of the places known as “The Venice of the East” by Lord Curzon.
Hence, it is known as the “Venetian Capital” of Kerala.
Alappuzha is located at 9.54°N 76.40°E. The average elevation is 1 metre (3.3ft)
Alappuzha covers an area of 1,414 sq km (546 sqm ) and is flanked by 2,195 sq km (847
sq m) of Vembanad lake ,where six major rivers spread out before joining the 80km coast
line of the district . The city of Alappuzha is crisscrossed by a system of canals, which is
a part of the National water way 3 (India). Proposed project site is located at Alappuzha
town.

1.3 PROJECT BACKGROUND
Court Bridge is situated on the alignment of Alappuzha Madurai state highway 40
and constructed across Vadacanal. Currently this bridge having a span of 33m and a
width of 7.5m. Six roads are merging on the two approaches of the bridge and due to
narrow width of the bridge, usually heavy traffic congestions are occurring at peak
timings. sometimes it requires 20- 30 min to cross a stretch of one km near the bridge
vicinity .there are 8 state highways in Alappuzha district, of which three of them
originates from Alappuzha town. State highways (SH) 11 stats from Kalarcode and ends
at Perunnai. This highway is popularly known as AC road (Alappuzha –Changanassery
road) and it covers a distance of 24.2km.
Solution for Traffic Congestion at Court Jn, Alappuzha District
State highway (SH) is an important road which connects Alappuzha town with
Kottayam district. State highway 40(SH) is an interstate highway in Alappuzha district
which connect Alappuzha town with Madurai in Tamil Nadu. State highway 66(Kerala)
originates from Alappuzha town and terminates from Thoppumpady. So the congestion in
the zilla court bridge affect the smooth traffic on this highways directly and indirectly.

LITERATURE REVIEW
To reduce traffic congestion at an at-grade intersection near a big city, one
method is construction a flyover bridge at the old junction in two directions on one of the
main highways. The flyover facilitates the traffic flow in the directions of the bridge, but
the infrastructure cannot fully solve all of the problems especially on the secondary road.
Under the bridge, although it relieves the traffic congestion at the intersection; the traffic
signal still uses the same control as the “before” situation, that is the fixed time control
plan. With the flyover bridge in place, it was found that about 30-35% of all traffic
volumes diverted to the bridges, and time delay reduced by 30% over the same period.
These are the journals which are used to analysis the traffic congestion and
presents the analysis of design of flyover construction.
3.1
NEW
CONCEPT
OF
TRAFFICROTARY
DESIGN
AT
ROAD
INTERSECTIONS, S.K. Mahajan, Anshul Umadekar, KrutiJethwa (2013).
Traffic rotary at road intersections is special form of grade change of lanes to
channelize movement of vehicles in one direction around a central traffic island. With
rapid growth of traffic it is experienced that widening of roads and providing flyovers
have become imperative to overcome major conflicts at intersections such as collision
between through and right-turn movements. In this way, major conflicts are converted
into milder conflicts like merging and diverging. The vehicles entering the rotary are
gently forced to move in a clockwise direction .They then weave out of the rotary to the
desired direction.
The crossing of vehicles is avoided by allowing all vehicles to merge into a
stream around the rotary and then to diverge out to the desired radiating road. Thus the
crossing conflicts eliminate and convert into weaving manocurve or a merging operation
from right and a diverging operation to the left. In this paper, designing rotaries at road
Solution for Traffic Congestion at Court Jn, Alappuzha District
intersections is discussed and a software package is developed to be used in road works.
3.2 DESIGN OF A FLYOVER AND ROUNDABOUT UNDERNEATH IT TO
EASE THE TRAFFIC CONGESION AT THE RAJAGIRIYA JUNCTION , P.L.
Mututantri, W.D.P. Abeysinghe, L.S.S. Wijewardena (2015).
Urban traffic congestion has become a serious concern of transportation
professionals and traffic managers. Rajagiriya town becomes severely congested due to
vehicular traffic during daytime. Therefore, efforts were made to quantify this congestion
and formulate appropriate measures to mitigate it. Rajagiriya town consists of several
intersections located at close proximity to one another, and they have become potential
sources of acute traffic congestion. There are three junctions situated along the main road
namely Police station junction, Bo-tree junction and the Kohilawatta road junction. In
order to find a solution to this traffic congestion, the capacities of the roads were
evaluated by compiling data related to prevailing vehicular flows and collecting other
supportive information both as of today and for the next 20 years.

3.3 FEASIBILITY OF FLYOVER AT SUSSEN CIRCLE, Vadodara, Amit Sharma,
Abhishek Patel, Harshal Katargamwala, Ripal Patel, Darshak Chauhan,(2017).
In present the main cities of our country are experiencing rapid population growth
and consequently the traffic demands on each city’s. The study focuses on the area of the
towns where the traffic congestion occurs at circle\rotary and other alternative to
minimize its problems. The goal of a traffic study is for development or re-development
and to identify the road way improvements required to ensure that the road network will
operate safely and efficiently upon completion of the development. At the junction all
types of vehicles likewise two-wheeler, four-wheeler, loaded -unloaded vehicle, trucks ,
buses etc. are travelling day & night time so there is congestion of the traffic. Peoples are
used to public & private vehicles to connect with different areas of the cities and to the
National highway. The improvement of the intersection can be done by the different
possible alternatives like provide notification in rotary, signal or by removal the road side
Solution for Traffic Congestion at Court Jn, Alappuzha District
violation, road channelization and marking, construction of the overpass or underpass,
divert the traffic at the intersection as per Indian standards code & minimizes traffic delay
by the Road Safety Audit and by using rapid construction method for the benefits of
people.

3.4 DESIGN OF FLYOVER BRIDGE IN TRICHY , Prabhu.M, Tamizhazhagan.T,
Jose Ravindra Raj. B,(2017).
In this paper deals what are the problems occurring in high traffic intensity area in
Trichy. The analysis influences of traffic behavior of both the structural components of
highway flyover bridge systems. Here they consider the place of Trichy to Chennai
Highway because there are a mire traffic problems in peak hours. Carryout the
preliminary survey for the various alignment and finalize the optimistic alignment based
on engineering and economic aspect. Prepare alignment plans, longitudinal sections and
cross sections with reference to latest IRC specification and current international best
practices for these IRC specifications and current international best practices for these
types of works. Finally detailed design should be prepared and it will be ensure that
which is stable for all type of environmental condition.

3.5 ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC FLOW BENEFITS OF FLYOVERS: A case
study, Auttakorn SALA.
This paper describes the results of a pilot study of the flyover bridge which was
constructed over an existing at-grade intersection to increase capacity of traffic flow in
two directions on one of the main highway. This is a main reason why traffic flows
underneath the flyover experience long delays and queue length similar to the situation
‘before’. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the benefits of the flyover. The paper
presents the performance of the flyover upgraded intersection and points out the
remaining problems including long delays under the flyover.

CONCLUSION
The introduction of flyover will be a diplomatic solution for the existing problems
such as increased pressure of civic amenities, traffic streams and congestion on major
traffic.
The introduction of flyover encourage and promote tourism, development of
Alappuzha town and will be a centre of attraction and is a face changing structure for
Alappuzha town.
Flyover helps to perform the following functions

Flyovers play a major role in stream lining the traffic control system.

Through flyovers plenty of time is saved avoiding congestion

Pollution effect is reduced.

Flyovers reduce the risk of accidents.

Flyovers also contribute a lot to the aesthetics of the city.

The persons traveling on the flyover can enjoy the panoramic view of the city.